本帮助文档旨在指导用户理解基因组尺度代谢模型(GEM)分析结果,并提供科研论文中描述分析结果的参考示例。
基因组尺度代谢模型(GEM)是通过整合基因组注释信息和生化反应数据库,构建的包含生物体所有代谢反应和代谢物的数学模型。本工具使用CarveMe软件(1.6.5版本),基于基因组中预测的蛋白质(酶),推断基因组尺度代谢模型。
分析完成后,系统生成以下文件:
这是生成的基因组尺度代谢模型文件,采用SBML格式, 可使用记事本打开查看。SBML是一种标准的XML格式,用于表示系统生物学模型,可以被多种生物信息学软件读取和分析。该文件包含以下关键部分:
以下是一个简化的SBML文件结构示例:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sbml xmlns="http://www.sbml.org/sbml/level3/version1/core" level="3" version="1">
<model id="MAG_T21_45" name="MAG.*">
<listOfCompartments>
<compartment id="C_c" name="cytosol"/>
<compartment id="C_p" name="periplasm"/>
</listOfCompartments>
<listOfSpecies>
<species id="M_10fthf_c" name="10-Formyltetrahydrofolate" compartment="C_c"/>
<species id="M_h2o_c" name="Water" compartment="C_c"/>
</listOfSpecies>
<listOfReactions>
<reaction id="R_AICART" name="Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase" reversible="true">
<listOfReactants>
<speciesReference species="M_10fthf_c" stoichiometry="1"/>
</listOfReactants>
<listOfProducts>
<speciesReference species="M_fprica_c" stoichiometry="1"/>
</listOfProducts>
</reaction>
</listOfReactions>
</model>
</sbml>
关键元素解读:
| 元素 | 描述 | 科研意义 |
|---|---|---|
| <species> | 定义代谢物,包含id、name和compartment属性 | 识别关键代谢物及其细胞定位 |
| <reaction> | 定义代谢反应,包含id、name和reversible属性 | 分析代谢途径和反应网络 |
| <speciesReference> | 定义反应中的底物或产物,包含species和stoichiometry属性 | 理解反应平衡和计量关系 |
| <compartment> | 定义细胞区室,包含id和name属性 | 研究代谢物的区室化分布 |
静态代谢网络图,以SVG矢量格式呈现:
解读要点:
交互式代谢网络图,使用Plotly库实现:
代谢物节点信息表,包含以下列:
| 列名 | 描述 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| id | 代谢物唯一标识符; 可能来自于 BiGG数据库 | M_10fthf_c |
| name | 代谢物名称 | 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate |
| compartment | 所在区室 | C_c |
| degree | 连接度 | 12 |
示例数据:
id name compartment degree 0 M_10fthf_c 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate C_c 12 1 M_12dgr140_c 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol (ditetradecanoyl, n-C14:0) C_c 4 2 M_12dgr140_p 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol (ditetradecanoyl, n-C14:0) C_p 3 3 M_12dgr160_c 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol (dihexadecanoyl, n-C16:0) C_c 6 4 M_12dgr160_p 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol (dihexadecanoyl, n-C16:0) C_p 3
代谢反应边信息表,包含以下列:
| 列名 | 描述 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| source | 反应物代谢物ID | M_10fthf_c |
| target | 产物代谢物ID | M_fprica_c |
| reaction | 反应ID | R_AICART |
| reaction_name | 反应名称 | Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase |
| reversible | 是否可逆反应 | True |
示例数据:
source target reaction reaction_name reversible 0 M_10fthf_c M_fprica_c R_AICART Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase True 1 M_10fthf_c M_thf_c R_GARFT Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase True 2 M_10fthf_c M_fgam_c R_GARFT Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase True 3 M_10fthf_c M_h_c Growth Biomass reaction False 4 M_10fthf_c M_adp_c Growth Biomass reaction False
以下是在科研论文中描述基因组尺度代谢模型分析结果的英文示例:
Genome-scale metabolic modeling (GEM) was performed using the Wekemo Bioincloud platform (Gao et al., 2024). The metabolic network for MAG.* was reconstructed using the CarveMe software (version 1.6.5) with the gram-negative bacteria template. The resulting model contained 1,256 metabolites and 1,872 reactions, distributed across cellular compartments including cytoplasm (C_c), periplasm (C_p), and extracellular space (C_e).
Network visualization revealed several highly connected metabolites, such as 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate (degree = 12) and 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol (dihexadecanoyl, n-C16:0) (degree = 6), indicating their central roles in metabolic pathways. The biomass reaction (Growth) was identified as a key irreversible reaction connecting multiple metabolic precursors.
Complete model files (SBML format), network visualizations (static SVG and interactive HTML), and detailed metabolite/reaction tables are provided as Supplementary Materials.
参考文献格式:
Gao Y., Zhang G., Jiang S., Liu Y.X. (2024) Wekemo Bioincloud: A user-friendly platform for meta-omics data analyses. iMeta 3: e175. https://doi.org/10.1002/imt2.175